Thursday, 8 August 2019

Hyderabad Aviators Meet 2019 – A writeup



The Hyderabad Aviators Meet 2019 was the 13th Edition of the meet held on the 1st August. The Meetup was organized in BMW Showroom in Hyderabad. It was a purely networking meetup. It was organized by passionate professional pilots from across the airline industry spectrum. The attendees included pilots from airlines, general aviation, flying schools, aviation medicine experts, aviation historians, ex-defence personnel etc.

People started arriving from 1900Hrs which was the scheduled start time. The seating arrangement was convenient for the interactions and networking with people. Everyone was friendly and interacted well with others. Sharing experiences, nostalgia, cribbing about schedules etc all was part of the conversations. There was a band playing live music as well. There was a small book presentation ceremony of Aviation history in India.

Many conversations by newcomers to an event was what is this networking meetup? Its like making new friends on social media and participating in random conversations like one does in groups etc. There goes an explanation using analogy from virtual world to the real world. Never expected that such a case would exist but that’s the reality with the current generation! 😇

The hosting of the event at a BMW showroom raised many questions for quite a few. Was the host purely looking for sales? On checking online, BMW was in fact associated with Aviation. Pre-World War era, it was into aircraft engine manufacturing. This fact was not highlighted by anyone around on the day. However, they turned up to be very good hosts – A big applause!

Post event, there was another event for shaking a leg✨/letting loose at another venue – which I did not attend and hence cannot comment.

Overall, Great initiative by the organizers in coming up with the event and providing a platform for all aviators to meet.

Tuesday, 9 July 2019

Images speak a thousand words – Lets Discover!



Looking at the above image – what is your first thought?


Great Scenary? Image for bragging rights? What is he pointing at? Etc..

Having posted the image, I may have invited the wrath of licensing authorities. When I took the image, it was pure adrenalin gushing through my head as excitement and requested to be clicked as a memorabilia for myself. 

Reflecting back on this, I recalled many things which made me blog about it.

It was a bright sunny day, I was accompanied by a very senior Flyer in the hanger who later became an instructor and is now a First Officer on A320 fleet of Air Asia, India. As I was accompanied by a senior flyer, I decided to get adventurous. In my flight plan, I planned on flying altitude of 7500 ft – however on this particular flight, I decided to go higher to 11500 ft to experience what it would be like and took the necessary permissions with Radar Controller and reached the level and this image was taken. Great! Now let’s discuss about this image.

There are a huge load of negative things about this image – However, the positives that can be gleamed are also worth the discussion.

Radio Telephony(RT) Aspect:


I would be verbose here with my RT calls I made that day as I got some RT lessons directly from the controller that day.

Aircraft: HydCTRL VGE REQ CMB to eleven thousand five hundred feet for one zero minutes.
Controller: VGE HydCTRL CLR CMB to seven thousand five hundred feet (with a smirk).

Aircraft: NEG REQ CMB to eleven thousand five hundred feet VGE.
Controller: VGE HydCTRL say again REQ as one one thousand five hundred.

Aircraft: (Now I realized my mistake) HydCTRL VGE REQ CMB to One One thousand five hundred feet for one zero minutes.
Controller: VGE HydCTRL CLD CMB to FL115

Aircraft:  CLD CMB to FL115 – Will REP RCHG – VGE

Navigation Aspect:


The route I was flying was Eastbound heading hence as per Semi-Circular Rule for VFR, the cruising altitudes can be Odd+500 ft only – Hence the 11500ft.

The other mistake I did while climbing to FL115 was just climbing on my QNH. While I was passing FL90, my senior flyer colleague interjected saying you have been cleared to FL115 – Its flight levels, change your Altimeter to QNE. I was lucky to have had been pointed that day but it’s a good point to remember to change between QNH and QNE while passing above or below Transition Level (TL for my AD Control area was FL80). My excitement made me forget it 😒.

Engine/Technical Aspect:


The heavily re-bored engine of my aircraft was dragging to climb the required height at this level. For the first time, I realized that even an aircraft can move slower than a bullock cart(slowest mode of transport – I have ever been). Technically speaking, the slow climb is due to two factors:  
 1. The air density at that level is low hence the engines though performing well cannot produce the required thrust. 
2. The aircraft engine is designed to operate optimally at certain altitude and higher it does not give the best performance. The flight level approaching was almost close to the ceiling levels of the aircraft(FL135 for C172) (the rate of climb reduces – again due to less air density)

Human Factors Aspect:


There is a significant difference bodily in terms of flying at that altitude. Every human being will have their own effects – reinforces that all of us are unique and special in our own way. Nothing can be termed as undesirable/overly special characteristic. When I was at FL150 and while trying to exactly keep my altimeter at that level – I was inadvertently climbing few feet/descending few feet. This caused a slight irritation in my ear. This prompted me to immediately request a descend to FL90 after few minutes. The reason for the irritation in ear is due to the pressure difference at sea level and at this FL(Read more on Barotrauma). Here I am re-iterating again, it could happen or not to an individual – its entirely case by case. Normally, above FL90 a pilot can experience effects of Hypoxia and hence should not be attempted Solo.

The air regulations aspect:


Firstly, as per Indian DGCA requirements, photography is prohibited and requires permission to be taken from authorities for taking any. However, I am posting this article and picture in an attempt to encourage thought process around this very old rule with relevance to current scenario. No attempt is being made to change any rules, but views presented so that all stakeholders can together re-discuss this and come to a conclusion.

The first thing about photography and current day trainee pilots is to take ‘selfie’ or a pictures with fellow pilots/their bird(aircraft). The reaction is almost instantaneous. This can be attributed to the availability of mobile phones with high end camera in everyone’s hand. So for administrators, the first point of action employed was to ban taking mobile phones with the pilot before going for a sortie. However, this proved detrimental because for long cross country flights involving landing at other aerodromes, taking permissions from Control towers etc was quite a challenge. Also I read that mobile phone becomes a secondary ELT in case of a forced landing/ditched landing and could help save precious time for SAR.

So the issue is about camera and Pilot. Camera is now an integral part of every smartphone and current day Pilot requires a smartphone to access weather, reports etc. In my previous job working for a mobile manufacturer, I was aware of internal discussions around putting a front facing camera too in addition to the rear camera. I must admit there were very compelling arguments for both inclusion and exclusion (cases very similar to the one we are talking) but end of the day it’s the customer/consumer who wins and hence cameras were included. So here too specific changes cannot be achieved.

So finally it comes down to the Pilot. Putting a blanket ban on taking photos will it work? Is it practical? To understand this a bit more, we need to delve into the mindset of the current day Pilot. Before we do that, I would explain my frame of mind going into this clicking picture. All during my training days, I was quite conscious about clicking pictures in the cockpit. But I did have a picture taken and kept it to myself – this was purely for self motivation. I felt it was very important for one to feel good and perform. Besides that I never took any pictures at all when I was flying – only on ground with fellow pilots and with bird. However, on the eventful day of the flight, I performed a maneuver (ie. Climbing to a FL not performed by many of my batchmates) which brought in a sense of elation and had the enormous urge for a memorabilia – hence my request for clicking the picture. Comparing to all my flying batchmates, being an older guy, I too had a fallacy. So given the young pilot mindset it was obvious in the current trends of the world, it would be extremely tough - not to make him click a picture. Besides, there could be a need to show abnormal behaviours of certain instruments(like needle flickering etc) and hence the need to click the picture.

Now let me put forward the argument for other spectrum of this debate. If you had noticed, I deflected off the path grossly – Ofcourse cloud was the initial reason was deflecting from the path but had it been a normal clear day, the amount of deviation was excessive and slackness on my part could also have enabled me not to course correct/find a better path closer to desired track. A closer look at the tasks at hand at that point were – the aircraft was not maintaining height due to less air density + clouds + offtrack + urge for clicking picture. In the melee, a poor decision resulted at that point(This poor judgement could also be a side effect of Hypoxia). 

As both arguments have been made – it could be seen as a conundrum like many things in life. Finding the right balanced solution would be an icing on the cake for everyone to enjoy!


Disclaimer:  As the topic is about understanding human and procedure, it should not be viewed in commercial or legal ways. To be focused only on procedures, processes and performance learning/improving aspects.

Tuesday, 20 March 2018

My Impressions: Wings India 2018 – Aviation Event in Hyderabad!


Wings India 2018(https://www.wings-india.in/) is a biennial aviation event held in Hyderabad, India. The event is an international exhibition and conference on Civil Aviation. The venue of Hyderabad is a good choice given the place is ideal for aviation (flying). Now how did I conclude that? Well, the place has 2 international standard aerodromes(VOHY &VOHS)  as many as 4 flying training organizations for civil aviation, headquarters to a regional carrier, training centre of national carrier, home base to many airlines and main training base for airforce cadets. Not to forget the weather is suitable for flying all through the year.  The venue - Begumpet airport(VOHY) is right in the centre of city with a large runway(3230m) also has a long stopway – good for landing large aircrafts(A380 landed for previous shows). Ya Ya, I am bragging about it cause I trained at this airfield 😇. But overall, it’s a great venue for such an event!

Next, the static display of aircrafts: This year the static display involved many business aircrafts (large, medium and small), Made in India aircraft, training aircrafts, glider, and chopper. The static display was extremely short on numbers. Quality though was very good among those on display. However, the arrangement of the static display aircrafts is not impressive – Needs proper placement taking all the necessary precautions.

Then, the Stalls: On display were Aircraft Manufacturers, Airlines, Training/Education Organizations, Component Manufacturers, Infrastructure Providers, Service Providers, Aviation Technology, Publishers, Government etc. For impressions: let me elaborate with respect to the type of audience. If you are an aircraft or parts manufacturer, there were few stalls to suit you. If you are an airline, there were few stalls to impress. If you are a service provider, you could talk with some of them. If you are an infrastructure provider, you could explore different ways.  If you are a pilot, there are lots of stalls to talk to. If you are an aviation enthusiast you could explore a lot. If you are an exhibiter, unless policy related, you would be disappointed. Having been to many shows though in a different domain, I could make out the audience was not up to the mark including myself 😉.

Finally the Air Show – there wasn’t any 😟. For generic audience it was a massive let down who were wowed in previous shows by aerobat teams. On retrospect, I looked at the wording of the event and there was no mention to be fair. However, that does not explain why have two days of the show, dedicated for general audience? Realistically, given the populated area surrounding the aerodrome, very high g maneuvers is not the recipe. It must be addressed though to garner good interest.

Overall, there are many positives and few negatives. It was a good balance of international and local participants (Exhibiters) though in limited numbers. The quantity could be scaled for next shows. The quality of Exhibiters was good. The quality of audience needs to be improved by having smaller events. The conferences were limited at policy level and can be improved to include all sort of audience.

P.S: I steered clear of mentioning any brand to sound neutral for this blog.

Sunday, 3 September 2017

The Weather Checklist for Pilots - Part 2



Having highlighted all the essential components of weather to look out for in Part-1 of this series, Here is my effort in the direction of coming up with a challenge/response type of checklist.

Since VFR/IFR are two options for flight, it’s the first item Pilots need to ascertain.
Challenge: VFR/IFR flight?
PilotFlying(PF) Response: VFR
PilotMonitoring(PM) Response: VFR

Visibility must next be checked out.
Challenge: Visibility greater than 5000m?
PF Response: 6000m
PM Response: 6000m

Wind direction and speed should be got hold of. Cross wind component must be calculated beforehand so that we can determine whether it’s within aircrafts permissible limits.
Challenge: Wind Speed and direction within permissible limits for flight?
PF Response: 280 Mag/7 Kts - permissible
PM Response: 280 Mag/7 Kts -permissible

Temperatures then should be found out. Cloudbase height calculated to check if it’s acceptable.
Challenge: Temparature and Dewpoint, cloudbase height acceptable limits for flight?
PF Response: 24 deg C temp/12 deg C dewpoint ; cloudbase - 4800ft - acceptable
PM Response: 24 deg C temp/12 deg C dewpoint; cloudbase - 4800ft - acceptable

Pressure then should be obtained.
Challenge: Pressure to be set in altimeter obtained for flight? Qfe/Qne/Qnh
PF Response: 1008 Qnh ; Flying altitudes
PM Response: 1008 Qnh ; Flying altitudes

Clouds then need to be identified. Presence of serious clouds like CB/TCU, Cloud layers should not add up more than half the sky
Challenge: Clouds checked and Clouds coverage more than half the sky?
PF Response: No CB/TCU, less than half the sky
PM Response: No CB/TCU, less than half the sky

TAF carefully accessed for the entire duration of flight with buffers if returning back to same Aerodrome else all aerodromes - departure, destination and alternate checked for potential problems.
Challenge: Weather acceptable for entire journey including destination and alternates?
PF Response: Departure, Destination and Alternate Weather acceptable for landing.
PM Response: Departure, Destination and Alternate Weather acceptable for landing.

Satellite images have been carefully gone over to check for any anticipated weathers approaching from the furthest point. Here, unlike high end commercial aircrafts which boast of weather radars, one must carefully go over them before hand to be mentally prepared. Pilots must exchange the same weather images.
Challenge: Satellite Weather image verified and risks manageable?
PF Response: Image:X,Y checked - manageable.
PM Response: Image:X,Y checked - manageable.


The above could be good checks, one could perform pre-flight and go ahead with flights. The same is presented below in table format.

Challenge
PF Response
PM Response
VFR/IFR flight?
VFR/IFR
VFR/IFR
Visibility greater than 5000m?
xxxx mts
xxxx mts
Wind Speed and direction within permissible limits for flight?
xxx Mag/y Kts - permissible
xxx Mag/y Kts - permissible
Temparature and Dewpoint, cloudbase height acceptable limits for flight?
xx deg C temp/yy deg C dewpoint ; cloudbase - zzzzft – acceptable
xx deg C temp/yy deg C dewpoint ; cloudbase - zzzzft - acceptable
Pressure to be set in altimeter obtained for flight? Qfe/Qne/Qnh
xxxx Qnh/Qfe/Qnh ; Flying altitudes/heights/FlightLevels
xxxx Qnh/Qfe/Qnh ; Flying altitudes/heights/FlightLevels
Clouds checked and Clouds coverage more than half the sky?
No CB/TCU, less than half the sky
No CB/TCU, less than half the sky
Weather acceptable for entire journey including destination and alternates?
Departure, Destination and Alternate Weather acceptable for landing.
Departure, Destination and Alternate Weather acceptable for landing.
Satellite Weather image verified and risks manageable?
Image:X,Y checked - manageable.
Image:X,Y checked - manageable.


Notes:
1. Pilot Monitoring responses in case of Solo flights could be an instructor or fellow pilot buddy.
2. Feel free to correct any inconsistencies/add more information to the above.
3. One of the feedback I received for Part 1 of this series blog was to include the sources of Weather I normally gather from. Below are my usual ones:
Mobile/Tablet apps:
·         Aviation Tools Free (aviatools.blogspot.com)
·         StationWX Lite (stationweather.com)
Both the above apps give METAR and TAF for a whole lot of locations.
·         Weather Underground(wunderground.com) - this app gives satellite images of weather.
During my flight training days, we used to collect ARFOR for cross country flights, obtained from:
·         olbs.amsschennai.gov.in - a met watch office portal of India Meteorology Department(imd.gov.in) for aviation. Also has METAR,TAF, Satellite images and a host of other weather related stuff.

Tuesday, 29 August 2017

The Weather Checklist for Pilots - Part 1



Weather - pilots best friend cum troubler in chief. All books on Piloting mention about checking the weather at both source and destination. If we look at many aircraft checklists too, it has a weather checked - item among a host of pre-flight checks. I was trying to demystify the above single item check on the checklist and thought about coming up with a detailed sub checklist for weather to be completed by all pilots. Let me elaborate my efforts in this direction:

1. Visibility:-  Whether you are in Visual Meteorology Conditions(VMC) or Instrument Meteorology Conditions(IMC), its essential to know the visibility because without it, taxying cannot be started. To know visibility, one must check METAR report or obtain it from ATIS. Future trends can be obtained from TAF. However, old school method of knowing visibility is to check for a known distant marker object from a predetermined position to get a fair idea. Having said that,  let me narrate an incident that I faced during my flight training days. We used to have a marker and it was clearly visible, but our Aerodrome METAR had a lower report(Controlled AD) and we used to go ballistic about it. However, during one of my pre-dusk arrival from long cross country flight during hazy weather day, we couldn’t clearly see the end of downwind marker(we used to have markers on ground in circuits) before joining the downwind. Upon landing, the fixed visibility marker was clearly visible. This was ample proof that old school ways, though serving the purpose, are not to be relied on 100% as they are indicative of straight line visibility whilst what is needed for Pilot is slant visibility and is accurately obtained from METAR/TAF/ATIS.

2. Winds:- Winds are essential component as they are the basis of flight. Wind speed and direction can be obtained by looking at the windsock at the runway(conventional) or from METAR/ATIS and TAF(future trends). It helps determine the runway orientation to use and also the drifts one can expect in flight.

3. Temperatures: Temperatures are a good indicator for engine performance and flight conditions. Temperature and dew point are obtained from METAR/ATIS. TAF does not include any temperatures. ARFOR could be used to determine enroute temperatures at higher flight levels. From temperature and dewpoint, we can deduce the cloud base height to help us determine safe cruising altitude to opt for. It also gives clues on icing conditions that one could encounter.

4. Pressure: Its essential measure to set in our aircrafts altimeter before start. Pressure can be obtained from METAR/ATIS. All heights/altitudes/FLs are dependent on the correct setting made by noting the appropriate pressure(Qfe/Qnh/Qne). Besides, it can also be an indicator of aircraft performance.

5. Clouds: The height and amount of clouds can be obtained to understand the climb profile and cruise altitude to opt for and also any deviations or infact NoGO/NoTakeOff conditions can be determined. During my training days, I used to wonder if the heights were as per name say AGL or altitudes or FL - in this regard I used to try to roughly measure the cloud heights while flying below it and tried to be oversmart or overdumb in the process. But in reality, the clouds are mathematical deductions based on angle subtended at the point of observation and instruments used(ceilograph) - hence are to be treated as heights(AGL).

6. Extra weather phenomenon: Weather is not constant and the predicted changes can be obtained mainly from TAF with indicators like FM/TEMPO/BECMG/INTER/PROB etc. These must be carefully assessed and Flight/NoFlight can be determined.

7. Weather Images: Satellite weather images of current and expected trend images should be checked. These can be obtained from your Local Weather Services Agency or could be obtained from viewing the images in Newspapers/News TV channels. These are indicative of strong weather conditions that are likely to be encountered.

After gathering above data, I have come up with formulating a checklist which follows a flow that could be followed similar to an airplane checklist coming up in part-2 of this blog series.

Notes:
1. All the above weather information represented is based on information I used to gather for my flights during my training days(SE & ME aircrafts).
2. Airline Pilots/other pilots could have more information at hand in the briefing documents received - I have no information regarding those - request readers to pitch in with their views to enhance the above effort to come up with the checklist or if already any such checklists exist, please do share if allowed to.